Doctor Faustus and the Role that Sin plays in Gods Divine...

Doctor Faustus and the Role that Sin plays in Gods Divine Plan. The nature of sin is brought up many times in the play Doctor Faustus. It seems that Faustus (like all of us) is damned. The question posed is; can we as humans do anything to save ourselves from eternal damnation, or are we doomed from birth. The play deals with Faustus struggle to understand sin and its effect on the human soul. There is a interesting scene where the seven deadly sins appear before Faustus. To understand the importance of the seven deadly sins in this play, we must first learn what constitutes a sin. Once we grasp this, we can proceed to understand the role that sin has on the play. Then we can determine whether or not we as individuals have any impact†¦show more content†¦When Jesus was asked what commandment in the law was the greatest. He replied: You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment. And a second is like it, You shall love your neighbor as yourself . The whole law of Moses and the teachings of the prophets depend on these two commandments. (Matthew 22:37-40). Since the entire law of God is according to the words of Jesus, this scripture is merely a commentary on the wonderful principles of love. If this is so, then sin should be defined in terms of a lack of love, rather than as a formal law. According to this point of view a sin is any failure to love God and our fellow man with a perfect heart, which then a lack of love would lead to certain attitudes and deeds which are displeasing to God. Keeping this in mind we can proceed to see how sins are classified. There are two categories of sin, mortal sin and venial sin. We commit mortal sins when we break a commandment of God in a serious manner, for example, idolatry, adultery, murder, slander. These are all things that are contrary to the love that we owe God. Jesus taught that even looking at a woman lustfully is a sin. Sin can be both committed on the inside (choices that we make in our minds) or on the outside (choices that are then carried into action). A man who willfully desires to have sex, steal, murder or some other mortal sin, has

Literary Analysis of Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essay

Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is a play with themes that parallel the folly of the festival it is named after. The main storyline of the plot plays on this a lot by mixing up the stereotypes around gender that were very present at the time. However, a sub-plot involving secondary characters defines this theme even more. It takes the idea even further by relating servants’ attempts to blur the lines between social classes. Twelfth Night’s Maria and Malvolio both have great aspirations to rise above their social class. However, Maria succeeds where Malvolio fails because of her capability to make use of the satiric ambiance of her mistress’s household to achieve her goals. To begin this essay, I will provide a brief analysis of the†¦show more content†¦In Shakespeare’s play, Malvolio and Maria both wish to do this; one by courting Olivia, and the other by trying to get closer to Sir Toby. The main difference between the two characters is Malvolio’s self-adulation and lust for power in comparison of Maria’s cleverness and her willingness to put her immediate wants aside to ultimately satisfy her craving for a better social standing at a later time. Malvolio’s immediate addiction to power and wish to get revenge on others overcomes any will he could have to play a part to access a higher social status. While some may think that Malvolio is essentially a moral and just person, this can be disproved by shedding more light on his less-honourable practices, like his abuse of power. Essentially, like it is pointed out even by her mistress (INSERT QUOTE), Malvolio is just an extensively pompous person. Personality-wise, his narcistic and patronizing ways are made to recall those of a nobleman. These traits fit in easily with his character, as he obviously aspires to be part Illyria’s nobility one day (INSERT QUOTE). The essence of Malvolio’s personality is ascertained by Maria when she describes him as a Puritan (INSERT QUOTE). In the Elizabethan era, Puritans were stereotypically associated with being kill-joys and an excessive hatred of theatre. Maria is one of Twelfth Night’s characters whose superior intellect seemingly clashes with her social standingShow MoreRelatedElizabethan Poetry Analysis1292 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my analysis, I will be discussing these different views of women as seen in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Sonnet 130† and his drama, the Twelfth Night, or What You Will. To begin, I want to provide a brief summary of each literary work I will be discussing. Shakespeare’s â€Å"Sonnet 130† is a poem where the speaker describes his mistress and how she does not meet any of society’s beauty standards that are common in other love novels. Regardless of that, the speaker still loves her. Similarly, the Twelfth NightRead MoreThemes Of Social Mobility Through Marriage1655 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper critically analyses the theme of social mobility through marriage in Shakespeare’s play ‘Twelfth Night’. In addition, the paper highlights how different characters in the play got into higher social classes or desired to be in higher social classes through marriage. This paper holds that in a highly stratified society such as that presented in the Shakespeare’s play; marriage plays a significant role in in social class mobility. As opposed to some traditional society where marriage wasRead MoreScene Analysis Of The Twelfth Night1351 Words   |  6 Pages Our group proposed, presented, and directing the stage performance for the Twelfth Night. In the beginning of the semester I had no clue of what to expect from this course, and reading the syllabus made Shakespeare’s Plays seem complex. 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To better understand the theme of suicide in the play Hamlet, it is beneficial to understand the mastermind behind this literary piece. Because William Shakespeare lived more than 400 years ago, many records on him are lost or quite possibly never existed at all. There are no known personal journals, diaries, or other documents available to help us understand Shakespeare’s thoughts or daily routine. Although there are numerous gaps in the concrete information known about his life, a substantialRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing And King Lear3685 Words   |  15 PagesName: Instructors’ Name: Course: Date: Analysis of Shakespeare’s powerful female characters in the play â€Å"Much Ado about Nothing† and â€Å"King Lear Introduction Shakespeare is seen to value the role of women as his plays often portray women as heroines. These women have strong characters that endear them to readers. 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Reality Television Program - 1229 Words

When people turn on their televisions at home or they are watching television somewhere else, they will possibly find a reality show somewhere. Reality television shows have been on television for numerous years and are changing. Although reality television is wildly entertaining and popular, many young teens and adults look up to their favorite reality show actors and their lavish lifestyles and overdramatic antics. People who watch reality television regularly have different expectations and views on how the world actually works and feel differently about themselves. People follow their favorite reality show stars and it makes them want to change and leaving the rest of us wondering what reality actually is. Reality television isn’t real†¦show more content†¦Reality television only shows what viewers want to see and is dishonest and distorts the truth about reality. After years celebrity Kate Gosselin has been attacked for everything she did and does. People magazin e says â€Å"When the show melted down along with the Gosselin marriage after Jon was caught partying with other women, the twins – 10 years old at the time – were old enough to grasp that their world had been shattered† (Coyne 58). This statement shows that reality television brings fighting and divorce to families in reality television. Reality television shows unreal situations and make people start to fight and change. â€Å"A study found that people who watched reality television of the surveillance docu-drama variety (as opposed to competition shows) were more likely to believe that relationship drama is normal and to overestimate the amount of bad behavior – such as gossiping – that women engage in† (O’mara 2).When reality television shows problems, those problems start to happen in our society because people see it on television and want to be like reality stars. Reality television gives off social behaviors to the world. It gives a bad influence to children who use actors as their role models. Reality star actors will do anything for popularity, publicity, and fame. Reality television makes children think they don’t have to study hard or trainShow MoreRelatedReality Television Programs Essay676 Words   |  3 Pagesaround the world have discovered that so called â€Å"Reality Television† programs are the key to maximising viewer bases and therefore profits. It is undisputed that Reality Television makes money. This has resulted in immense amounts of these programs being plastered across our screens. While these programs line the pockets of producers and companies, they are not necessarily beneficial to their audiences and the society we live in. 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Supply Chain Responsiveness and Efficiency free essay sample

The research strives for a better understanding of these aspects: what are the structural consequences of implementing strategies striving for efficiency or responsiveness in the real world, and how can they be represented in a System Dynamics model? Furthermore, simulations will be used to assess the dynamic consequences of these different strategic alternatives. Future research will then focus on identifying policies to balance responsiveness and efficiency in a specific industry and by that resolve the trade-off between the two. Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Supply Chain Responsiveness, Supply Chain Efficiency, System Dynamics 1. Introduction The responsiveness of supply chains to changing market requirements and their overall efficiency are important issues in supply chain design and management and therefore currently receive wide attention in the scientific community as well as in practice. Responsiveness can be defined as the â€Å"ability to react purposefully and within an appropriate time-scale to customer demand or changes in the marketplace, to bring about or maintain competitive advantage† (Holweg, 2005, p. 05). In contrast, a supply chain would be considered efficient if the focus is on cost reduction and no resources are wasted on non-value added activities (Naylor, Naim and Berry, 1999, p. 108). Dennis Minnich, MSc, is Research and Teaching Associate at the Department of Operations Management at the International University in Germany, Bruchsal, and PhD student at the Industrieseminar of the University of Mannheim. 2 Prof. Dr. Frank Maier is Professor of Operations Management and Dean of the School of Business Administration at the International University in Germany, Bruchsal. 2 Companies have three principal means to buffer against changes in quantity demanded for specific products, namely inventory, capacity and time. Safety stocks, excess capacity and safety lead times all provide a time buffer to be able to react to demand variability (Hopp and Spearman, 2004, p. 145). One could argue that one sensible approach to increase responsiveness could be to raise the inventory levels of finished goods or components, which would allow more flexibility for reactions to changes in customer demand. Increased inventory levels do, however, reduce the efficiency of the supply chain since they are costly, both in terms of storage cost and cost of capital. This suggests that such an increase in inventory may not be the optimal approach to increase responsiveness – or, as Hopp and Spearman phrased it: â€Å"inventory is the flower of all evil, and variability is its root† (2004, p. 146), i. e. high inventory levels are a sign that something is suboptimal in the supply chain, and other strategies such as variability reductions may be more beneficial than inventory increases. In an efficient supply chain, suppliers, manufacturers and retailers manage – implicitly through independent ordering processes between tiers or through explicit coordination of ordering decisions of the different supply chain elements – their activities in order to meet predictable demand at the lowest cost. A responsive supply chain, in contrast, requires an information flow and policies from the market place to supply chain members in order to hedge inventory and available production capacity against uncertain demand (Fisher, 1997, p. 08). Improving responsiveness in a supply chain, however, incurs costs for two primary reasons: (1) excess buffer capacity and inventories need to be maintained, (2) investments to reduce lead times need to be made. Boeing, for example, at the end of the 1990s failed to achieve sufficient buffer capacity or inventory levels by pursuing a lean manufacturing strategy without considering the variability of demand in the aerospace industry (Naylor, Naim and Berry, 1999, p. 108 and p. 112). Airplanes fulfil most of the criteria for functional products as identified by Fisher, except long-term demand predictability (1997, p. 106). If, as in this example, end-user demand is subject to sudden, unpredictable variations, it is not sensible to implement lean manufacturing at the interface with the end-user (Naylor, Naim and Berry, 1999, p. 112). In general, the cost resulting from investments in responsiveness needs to be compared to the opportunity cost of lost sales resulting from stockouts (Thonemann, Behrenbeck, Kupper and Magnus, 2005, p. 18). These stockouts are most likely to occur with products that are subject to demand fluctuations. Responsive supply chains aim to avoid such stockouts and therefore prioritise the ability to react to changing customer requirements (Alicke, 2003, p. 145). Providing the right degree of responsiveness and having an efficient supply chain at the same time is a goal that is hard to achieve and that typically involves trade-off decisions by management, since increased responsiveness can be perceived to come at the expense of reduced efficiency, and vice versa. However, there may be strategies, such as revised planning approaches, that restructure supply chain processes to achieve both goals at the same time and enable a supply chain to be responsive and efficient simultaneously. Identifying strategies that achieve responsiveness and efficiency simultaneously is the goal of the research presented in this paper. Many authors see responsiveness and efficiency as distinct strategies that are strongly linked to different types of products. Fisher, for example, distinguishes innovative products with short product life cycles and functional, more commodity-like products (1997, p. 06). It appears to be sensible to think of products as being positioned on a continuum between functionality and innovativeness. Functional products â€Å"satisfy 3 basic needs, which don’t change much over time†¦, have a stable, predictable demand and long life cycles† (p. 106). They are also characterised by relatively low contribution margins, low p roduct variety and long order lead times (Childerhouse and Towill, 2000, p. 339). Innovative products, in contrast, are characterised by short product life cycles, high contribution margins, high product variety and unpredictable demand. Electronic products and fashion goods are examples for this category (p. 344). Linked to this Fisher then provides recommendations for the strategic alignment of supply chains and suggests that functional products require a focus on efficient processes, while innovative products require a focus on responsive processes (p. 109). The requirements for supply chain management are different for these distinguished types of products – for products that are innovative and reflect new trends, demand is less predictable than for products that fulfil basic needs, such as sugar3 (Fisher, 1997, p. 106). The uncertainty of demand for innovative products makes supply chain responsiveness a critical capability, since stockouts should be avoided in particular if the products have high contribution margins. For functional products aspects of efficiency, i. e. focusing on the elimination of waste or non-value added activities across the chain, prevail management’s attention (Huang, Uppal and Shi, 2002, p. 193). Some functional products may, however, also have quick response requirements of the supply chain – for example, milk and other dairy products are perishables with relatively stable demand patterns but limited shelf life. Also, companies often carry out promotions that can drastically change the otherwise stable and predictable demand patterns of products such as generic food. In such cases, pipeline stock is often â€Å"drained to no-one’s real advantage† (Childerhouse and Towill, 2000, p. 338; Fuller, O’Conor and Rawlinson, 1993, p. 91). Demand uncertainty is an important aspect that is linked to the classification of innovative or functional products. Innovative products are often characterized by a high degree of unpredictable demand uncertainty, whereas functional, commodity-like products face a high degree of demand stability. This point needs to be seen critically, since many commodities are confronted with the typical bullwhip effects – one of the major concerns in supply chain management – upstream in the supply chain, with order batching, speculative buying, delays and suboptimal planning being the major reasons. Therefore, upstream supply chain members can be confronted with rather unpredictable demand, even for commodities. Consequently, the required responsiveness in a supply chain depends on the anticipated uncertainty of demand. This means hat the required responsiveness depends on both the inherent deviations in demand and on the planning capabilities of the company (Baiker, 2002, p. 64). This relates not only to estimating the quantities demanded of certain products, but more generally to using market knowledge to exploit profitable opportunities in a volatile market place (Naylor, Naim and Berry, 1999, p. 108). A company’s ability to forecast and serve the demand for its pr oducts changes during a product’s life cycle – during ramp-up and phase-out, demand is less predictable than during maturity (Alicke, 2003, p. 46). This means that the supply chain requirements also change over the product life cycle, which is a factor many companies do not consider. A survey of consumer packaged goods companies in 2005 indicates that of the companies that tailor their supply chain approach to the product, those that consider changes in volatility of demand over time for the segmentation of their product portfolio are 3 Note that every product initially is innovative – even sugar was at one point in time an innovation. 4 ore successful – 50 percent of the best performing companies in supply chain management4 used volatility as a segmentation criterion, compared to only 27 percent of the other companies, which use simpler criteria such as volume (Alldredge, Allen, Howe and Kelly, 2005, p. 21). This indicates that many companies do not real ise the importance of tailoring the supply chain to the requirements a particular product has during the various stages of its life cycle. Criteria used to segment product portfolio Percent of respondents 55 50 50 33 27 17 9 Winners Others 14 Volatility/ variability Customer volume Replenishment/ order frequency Order-fulfillment lead-time requirements Figure 1 – Criteria used to segment product portfolio (adapted from Alldredge et al, 2005, p. 21) Management of supply chain responsiveness is particularly important when operating in a competitive market where short lead times might be critical and inventory – which can allow fast response – is risky (e. g. , due to product obsolescence), costly and therefore reduces efficiency. These aspects become even more important for innovative products with short product life cycles, where management of supply chain responsiveness is seen as a crucial capability. At the same time, more commodity-like, functional products generally require more efficient supply chains, combined with minimisation of the bullwhip effect. When supply chains are more able to react to changing market requirements than necessary – i. e. , having achieved a higher than necessary degree of responsiveness – customers will have to carry the additional cost, which is also problematic (Fisher, 1997, p. 10). The goal is to design the supply chain such that the â€Å"products may flow as required by the customer throughout the life cycle† (Aitken, Childerhouse and Towill, 2003, p. 127). Clearly, there is no â€Å"one fits all† approach for successful management of the supply chain, but different strategies are appropriate for different products at different stages of thei r product life cycles. 2. Feedback Structure Linking Responsiveness and Efficiency In this paper, responsiveness and efficiency are seen as interrelated, which is visualised in Figure 2. Responsiveness and efficiency are directly and indirectly linked and even involve feedback. In supply chains, the interrelationships between key parts of the Winners for the Supply Chain Management area of the survey are defined based on a combination of ACNielsen data and PL results (Alldredge, Allen, Howe and Kelly, 2005, p. 5). 4 5 system are complex. There are various players in the supply chain, and each of them addresses aspects of demand, production, and supply management, distribution, planning etc. Each of these aspects also interacts with the others.